Electric Bike Safety 101

Electric bicycles, or e-bikes, are gaining traction as a more affordable, accessible, and eco-friendly alternative to traditional transportation. No matter what you drive, knowing how to share the road in Texas is important. This guide outlines what you need to know about electric bikes, from road rules to safety tips.

What is an E-Bike?

Not quite a motorcycle, not quite a traditional bicycle, e-bikes have an electric motor that assists you with pedaling. In most models, the motor is powered by a rechargeable battery mounted on the bike.

E-bikes have three classifications in Texas:

• Class 1: These bikes have a pedal-assisted motor; assistance stops at 20 mph.
• Class 2: These bikes have a throttle-actuated motor; assistance stops at 20 mph.
• Class 3: The motor only assists when the rider pedals; assistance stops at 28 mph. You must be 15 or older to ride one of these in Texas.

Know the Rules of the Road

In Texas, bicyclists are allowed on Texas roads — unless otherwise noted via signage. Electric bikes are regulated like traditional bicycles, meaning the same rules of the road apply to both. As a rider, you should obey street signs, signals, and road markings. Currently, e-bikes are not required to have licensing, registration, or insurance — unlike motor vehicles. But, when in doubt, always check local regulations.

Electric Bike Safety Precautions

There are several key considerations to remember before taking to Texas’ busy streets on an e-bike.

Take Time to Get Acclimated
E-bikes tend to be much heavier, weighing between 15-25 pounds, because of the motor, battery, and frame. Also, the motor assists the e-bike’s rider. While this is an added advantage, experienced riders say it can take some time to get accustomed to.

Stay Headstrong
A proper helmet is a must when riding an e-bike, as it helps protect your face, head, and brain. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a proper-fitting helmet should be:

• Snug: The helmet should fit snugly around your head, with no room between the helmet’s foam and your head.
• Flat: The helmet should be level, sitting flat on your head. The front part of the helmet should sit a little low — about two finger widths above the eyebrows — to protect your forehead. The back of the helmet should not touch the top of your neck.
• Fastened: You want a secure fit, so ensure the side straps form a “V” under and slightly in front of your ears. The chin strap should fit snugly, centered under your chin.

Make Yourself Visible
Assume that drivers can’t see you. Wear bright-colored clothing when riding. If your bike doesn’t have one, consider adding a headlight and a taillight so you can be seen in both directions. Attaching a bell or horn to your bike can be especially helpful if you ride in loud, busy areas.

Just as you would for a trip to the gym, wear clothes that won’t restrict your movement. Consider investing in riding gloves and sunglasses — these small enhancements will make your ride safer.

Stay Alert
A little defensive riding can go a long way. Scan the area ahead and around you for obstacles and potential dangers. This can include anything from debris and construction to oblivious pedestrians and careless drivers.

Invest in E-Bike Maintenance
Just as you would a car or truck, you’ll want to keep up a regular maintenance schedule for your e-bike.

• Keep the battery charged.
• Ride in the lowest assist level possible to extend your battery’s life.
• Check tire inflation levels for a safe ride that helps maintain your battery’s charge.
• Wash your bike’s frame regularly to remove dirt and mud that can cause wear and tear.
• Keep the drivetrain clean and regularly apply lubricant to keep the bike running smoothly.
• Check and adjust the brakes

Learn Hand Signals
Hand signals are a core element of riding etiquette. Plus, they help keep cyclists and drivers on the same page.

• Right turn: Put your right arm straight out from your side. Or extend your left arm out from your left side; bend it at a 90-degree angle at your elbow with your hand pointing upward and palm facing outward and forward.
• Left turn: Left arm extended out straight from your left side.
• Stopping and slowing: Extend your left arm and hand outward and down, with your hand facing backward.

Learn more about biking in Texas’ cities.